Prison Bureaucracy Is Its Own Worst Enemy

 

Max Weber was a German philosopher who wrote a very influential book called "Economy and Society." He insightfully wrote about bureaucracy and its affect on societies and people within those societies.  As someone who has always been critical of the inefficiencies found in the government and in large corporations, I've found Weber's work enlightening, informative, and confirming. But why am I writing about a German philosopher's musings from so long ago?  Prisons are run by bureaucrats, and while government operations are inherently inefficient anyway, I've never seen anything like I've observed in prison over the last 16 years! Weber highlights five primary drawbacks to bureaucracy, and each has a correlation to the prison environment. Let me say, first, that I understand a certain need for consistency, especially in a total institution like prison. Prisoners, officers, staff members, and the public need to know things are consistent in prison.  But they really aren't. That might be the aim of bureaucracy, but the only thing consistent is, well, the inconsistency of operations. That and the illogic of so many decisions made in the prison setting.  Here are Weber's drawbacks to bureaucracy and how they relate to prisons:  1. Dehumanization Bureaucratic approaches to management leads to viewing prisoners as numbers rather than as individuals. It's not just the management approach that leads to this outcome, though. It's also the philosophy of administrators and society who often see prisoners as intractable rejects who will never get right. It's easy to treat people you see like that as less than human.  2. Rigidity Strict prison rules and procedures can lead to inflexibility, making it difficult to address individual needs of prisoners or to adapt to the prison's changing circumstances. A lot of things are common among prisoners, but the prisoners themselves are often very different with differing needs. Prisons are notoriously ill equipped to create customized plans for individuals. Instead, we're often lumped into groups who have very little in common except for a single feature (usually a behavior). Causes of these behaviors are often irrelevant.  3. Goal Displacement Prisons are so focused on maintaining order and following procedures that their goals of rehabilitation or reducing recidivism (if those ARE goals) are ignored or reduced in importance. Prison administrators are notoriously reactionary to situations, punishing an entire prison population for the behavior of a single prisoner or even a small group. And programs that are especially helpful for prisoners are cancelled or not supported because they don't fit the plan laid out by people who have never stepped foot in a prison.  4. Iron Cage Both prisoners and officers or staff can feel trapped in the rigid and impersonal system of prison. There's very little hope that things will get better, so prisoners and staff alike develop learned helplessness. Although things COULD change for the better, they don't because bureaucracy and red tape make change almost impossible. We end up just surrendering to the stupidity instead of beating our heads against the wall while trying to change things.  5. Over Specialization Division of labor in prisons can lead to a narrow focus on specific tasks, potentially neglecting broader goals of rehabilitation and reintegration. "It's not my job" is such a common thought (and expression), and nobody seems to know WHO to pass the buck to. They just know they don't want it. Consequently, simple things become big problems, all because the problem didn't fit neatly into someone's stated responsibilities.  It's incredibly ironic to me that I am incarcerated in a system that wants me to change, but that demonstrates an inability to change itself. Soon, I'll leave the chaotic insanity of prison (and I mean mostly the bureaucratic lunacy), but I'm confident that lawmakers and prison administrators will continue to make stupid decisions divorced from common sense. That'll never change.

Political Posturing Cripples Prison Reform in Michigan

Every election cycle leads to either increased hope or discouragement among Michigan's prison population. Will the new administration or legislature support or oppose prison reforms? Will anything change, or will everything stay the same? 

Michigan's recent election turned the legislative power in Michigan from a Democrat majority to a Republican majority, for example. So many prisoners had hopes that with the Democrats in power, prison reforms would pass. Perhaps Good Time legislation, or other options where we could earn time off our sentences for educational achievements would pass. None of these happened, though. So many promises resulted in dashed hopes. 

The Democrat leadership did not have the political courage necessary to even debate the proposals. Instead, they cowered to populism and political pressures. The House leader even refused to bring bills up for debate. So much for progressive politics. 

Now, the Michigan House is in the control of Republicans. Congressional leaders in the Republican party have expressed disinterest in passing any prison reforms that would undo the Truth in Sentencing law, despite the fact that this law has led to significant increases in average prison sentences in Michigan. Michigan is now the state with the highest average prison sentence in the nation. 

Although Republicans are often thought of as anti-prison reform, they are often utilitarian in their approach to legislation. Will it save State money? If so, it might be considered. That is, if the leadership has the courage to bring it to the floor for debate. 

When Donald Trump was last in office, he had threatened to take away federal funding from Michigan due to some of its prison policies. Now that he's back in office, I wonder if he'll renew that threat? There's nothing like money to motivate change. 

Trump might say he's tough on crime, and some of his policies DO reflect that position, but he's also very pragmatic. He was responsible for some pretty smart reforms in the federal prison system. Like him or not, he's willing to tackle unpopular policy changes if he believes it's good for the country. We'll see what that will mean for prison reforms in Michigan, if it means anything at all. 

It's no secret that Trump is not a fan of our governor. She certainly hasn't had the political courage to enact any necessary reforms in our prison system during her tenure, so she's not popular in prison either. I wouldn't expect that to change much, either, since she's eyeing to possibly replace Trump in four years. 

It's crazy that political maneuvering and individual political ambitions have ANY influence on policy changes, but that's the reality in American politics. The next few years will be interesting to see how the winds of change blow. I hope they lead us to finally see some much needed prison reforms in Michigan. 

Inadequate Prison Staff Leads to Growing Frustrations

One of my neighbors in prison recently told me a little joke he tells himself when he hears about the prison system's staff shortages. 

"Oh, the gym (or whatever) is cancelled again because of inadequate staffing? Is that because there is an inadequate availability of staff, or is it because the staff present are inadequate?"

We have to find ways to amuse ourselves through frustrations like these in prison, or the shortages, red tape, bureaucracy, and apathy will drive us nuts. 

Just this morning, before 7:30 in the morning, I experienced just two examples of brush-offs, dismissals, and passing the buck that are common in prison. The first occurred when I talked to the Captain, who was making a round in our housing unit, about the trouble I had the night before with a video visit. 

After waiting a few minutes past when my video visit was supposed to start, I asked a unit officer to call the visiting room to see if they forgot to check my girlfriend in for our visit. Of course they had, so we lost about 5 minutes (25%) of our visit time. The officer was then apparently told by a higher up that he could not extend our visit to give us the full time, though my girlfriend had to pay for the full 20 minutes still. 

After calmly explaining this to the Captain and simply asking him if he could look into it so it doesn't happen again, he passed the buck. "It's not my shift and I have nothing to do with it," he said. Never mind that he's the highest ranking officer on staff at the time. He can't (more likely didn't want to) do anything about it. Not his problem. 

A few minutes later, I saw my prison counselor (PC) and stopped him to ask a quick question. To be fair, he'd just entered the housing unit, so he probably didn't yet want to be bothered. But rather than simply tell me to see him later, he just said, "Not now!" and slammed the office door in my face. I've never interacted with this counselor before, but I'm not impressed with my first encounter. 

I'm going to go out on a limb here and just agree, the staff present are inadequate. 

Yesterday, another prisoner told me of his ongoing saga with medical staff, too. He recently saw a doctor here who is notorious for cancelling needed medications, ignoring prisoner medical needs, and her rudeness towards prisoners. He'd had a problem with her before when she refused to even let him talk at his appointment. 

When this doctor again wouldn't let him talk at his own medical appointment, he persisted, so she just sat there staring blankly at him and refused to answer any questions or address any of his concerns. Instead, she cancelled his critical pain medication after he left. 

I'm not sure inadequate is even the right word to describe this doctor. Perhaps negligent or deliberately indifferent might be better descriptors. 

The problem is that as prisoners, we have just about no remedies for these encounters. Yes, we have a grievance system, but it's so broken that it's counter productive to write a grievance. Grievances are routinely denied, rubber stamped, and flat-out ignored. And when these remedies aren't employed, prisoners are often transferred as "punishment" for writing grievances. It hardly matters, though, because these prisoners will receive the same apathetic and unjust treatment at other prisons. 

Not all staff in prison are inadequate. Some hold onto their humanity, despite the daily challenges of working with prisoners. Some maintain compassion and empathy and treat us like human beings. It's refreshing to encounter, but it shouldn't be so unusual. 

Love Conquers All Things--Even in Prison

 In a recent Breaking the Chains addiction recovery class, I mentioned to the participants that it's easy for us to think others should judge us for who we are today when most people in our past only know us for who we once were. While we've been growing, developing, and changing in prison, the image others have of us often stays the same. 

That means when we leave prison, people from our past will think we're the same person we were when we went in. Nothing could be further from the truth for many of us. 

To change our reputations, though, requires consistent demonstration of change. As one reputation management expert said, the only way to change a bad reputation is to behave your way out of it. 

It's easy to think we're going to be stuck with the damaged reputations that make people in society, and especially those who used to be close to us, fear us or be disgusted with us. Many of us desperately long for a chance to show that we are no longer the person who earned that reputation in the past. 

I'm profoundly grateful to the few people who have gone through my worst choices and have loved me through them. I've learned so much from these people who have shown me that love heals not only wounds but the wounders too. 

I've also experienced joy in prison through forming relationships with people who were not burdened by my past. They were not directly harmed by my past behavior, but they still chose to see me through eyes of grace instead of judgment. This is a giant gift and a motivator to demonstrate that their grace was not misspent. 

Christians from different churches who came into prison and showed the love of Christ to me, especially through Celebration Fellowship and Calvin University, helped to heal my soul. Other prisoners who could have judged me but instead chose to be my friend inspired me to trust a little bit again. 

It's easy to feel too broken to be loved again. We are often our biggest critics, the loudest voices of judgment. But then we meet someone who sees our deepest wounds, the darkest parts of our past, and who chooses to love us anyway. It's a dizzying experience. 

I never thought I'd find love again, but I have, even from within the terribly isolating confines of prison. For reasons I don't know if I'll ever understand, my girlfriend of nearly two-and-a-half years now was inspired by something I had written. Yet, most astounding is that she has chosen to love me in the most difficult of circumstances, despite knowing about my past. 

The love I've experienced, from my girlfriend and others I've mentioned here, has changed me. I hope it's made me a better man. I hope it's taught me to love with more grace and to even let go of the self-loathing that at one time threatened to keep me in an emotional prison for the rest of my life. 

I've deserved the judgment of people from my past, but the kind of love I find I have today...that's nothing but grace.

If You Did it, then You Own it, no Excuses or Justifications

Throughout my time in prison, I've heard a lot of justifications for people's crimes. Some people claim they have a "victimless" crime, like selling drugs. I guess the people whose lives are destroyed by drugs, and the children who go hungry because their mom or dad spent the grocery money on their next fix don't count. 

I've heard victim blaming, society blaming, racial blaming, poverty blaming, situational blaming, parental blaming...you name it, I've probably heard it. I'm sure the parole board has too. It's one reason they listen carefully for whether or not someone has taken 100% responsibility for their crimes--no excuses. 

To be fair, many of these offenders who shift blame elsewhere have picked up this tactic from society at large. We have a blame-shifting problem in this country. Still, it shocks me to hear people in society making excuses for some offenders (not all, but some, for sure). 

Drug dealers deal drugs because the education system failed them, because communities don't do enough to help the poor, because jobs aren't available for the low educated, or a host of other reasons. 

Gangs (and all the crime that comes with them) are society's fault, too. If only we'd give them something productive to do, educate them properly, teach them a different way. 

Murders are society's fault too. If we just controlled the guns, people wouldn't kill. Unless it's somehow justifiable, like if the victim works for a greedy insurance company. Then the murder is the victim's fault, the company's fault, the system's fault. Or maybe it's the fault of society's failure to manage mental health issues (there's probably some truth to that one!). 

Rape or sexual abuse? It's because of bad parenting, poor mental health help, or some other excuse. Unless the offender is a celebrity. Then the victim should have known the dangers of the celebrity culture. Or maybe it's just a play for money. 

I'm not suggesting we should find someone guilty just because someone makes a claim. We still need "innocent until proven guilty" (which I'd argue we don't currently have). But I'm suggesting that as a society, we can't change behavior when we find justifications for it. Seek to understand what motivated the behavior so we can address the factors that contribute to the problem. But do that while still requiring accountability. 

Let's just start owning our own behaviors. Either we're proud of what we've done (in which case we should own it), or we're ashamed of what we've done (in which case we should own it so we can change). Either way, until we commit to deal only with the truth, we'll just keep finding ways to excuse and justify bad behavior. And we'll keep getting what we've been getting--chaos, brokenness, and a line of hurting people behind us.